In the context of Matthew 26:56, Jesus is speaking of His betrayal and subsequent crucifixion for our sins and resurrection for our eternal life. He says that all of these things were predicted by the prophets (in the Hebrew Bible). We can easily verify the truth of this claim. The Old Testament was complete at that time and was exactly the same as our Old Testament today. These things were literally done (to Jesus) so that the "Scriptures of the prophets might be fulfilled."
Now, Matthew 26:63-64 tells us that just hours later, "...Jesus kept silent. And the high priest answered and said to Him, 'I put You under oath by the living God: Tell us if You are the Christ, the Son of God!' Jesus said to him, 'It is as you said. Nevertheless, I say to you, hereafter you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of the Power, and coming on the clouds of heaven.'" There are many, many more prophecies in the Old Testament about the second coming of Christ and the establishment of His Kingdom on earth than of His first coming, of which there are hundreds. Clearly, Jesus means for us to take these prophecies of His second coming literally, as well. Maranatha! Come quickly, Lord! Your Kingdom come, on earth as it is in Heaven.
